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HVAC Systems - Testing, Adjusting and Balancing, 3rd Edition, 2002

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HVAC SYSTEMS TESTING, ADJUSTING & BALANCING
THIRD EDITION — AUGUST, 2002
FOREWORD
TASK FORCE
NOTICE TO USERS OF THIS PUBLICATION
TABLE OF CONTENTS [Go to Page]
CHAPTERS
TABLES
FIGURES
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION [Go to Page]
1.1 INTRODUCTION TO TAB WORK
1.2 THE TAB TECHNICIAN/TEAM
1.3 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
CHAPTER 2 HVAC FUNDAMENTALS [Go to Page]
2.1 HEAT FLOW
FIGURE 2-1 HEAT TRANSFER BY CONDUCTION AND RADIATION
FIGURE 2-2 CONVECTION HEAT TRANSFER
FIGURE 2-3 COUNTER FLOW AIR-STREAMS
FIGURE 2-4 PARALLEL FLOW AIR- STREAMS
FIGURE 2-5 CROSS-FLOW AIR-STREAMS
FIGURE 2-6 PARALLEL AND COUNTERFLOW HEAT TRANSFER CURVES
2.2 PSYCHROMETRICS
FIGURE 2-7 PSYCHROMETRIC CHART (I-P)
FIGURE 2-8 PSYCHROMETRIC CHART - TYPICAL CONDITION POINTS (SI)
FIGURE 2-9 PSYCHROMETRIC CHART - TYPICAL CONDITION POINTS
FIGURE 2-10 SENSIBLE HEATING AND COOLING (I-P)
FIGURE 2-11 HUMIDIFICATION AND DEHUMIDIFICATION (I-P)
FIGURE 2-12 PSYCHROMETRIC CHART - PROCESSES
FIGURE 2-13 COOLING AND DEHUMIDIFYING (I-P)
FIGURE 2-14 HEATING AND HUMIDIFICATION
FIGURE 2-15 MIXING OF TWO AIRSTREAMS (SI)
2.3 FLUID MECHANICS
FIGURE 2-16 TANK STATIC HEAD
FIGURE 2-17 VELOCITY PROFILE
FIGURE 2-18 PRESSURE CHANGES DURING FLOW IN DUCTS
FIGURE 2-19 SAMPLE FITTING LOSS COEFFICIENT TABLE
FIGURE 2-20 PUMP WITH STATIC HEAD AND SUCTION HEAD
FIGURE 2-21 PUMP WITH SUCTION LIFT
CHAPTER 3 ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT AND CONTROLS [Go to Page]
3.1 ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS
3.2 ELECTRICAL SERVICES
FIGURE 3-1 SERIES-PARALLEL CIRCUIT
FIGURE 3-2 SINGLE-PHASE AC SERVICE
FIGURE 3-3 CURRENT AND VOLTAGE-TIME CURVES AND POWER FACTOR
FIGURE 3-4 220-VOL T THREE-WIRE DELTA THREE-PHASE CIRCUIT
FIGURE 3-5 220-VOL T DELTA THREE-PHASE CIRCUIT WITH 110-VOL T SINGLE-PHASE SUPPLY
FIGURE 3-6 120/208-VOL T FOUR-WIRE WYE CIRCUIT
3.3 TRANSFORMERS
FIGURE 3-7 TRANSFORMER WITH TAPPED SECONDARY
3.4 MOTORS
FIGURE 3-8 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE OF STANDARD SQUIRREL CAGE INDUCTION MOTORS
3.5 MOTOR CONTROLS
3.6 VARIABLE FREQUENCY DRIVES
FIGURE 3-9 INTERLOCKED STARTERS WITH CONTROL TRANSFORMERS
FIGURE 3-10 VFD ADDED TO EXIST-ING AIR HANDLING UNIT
CHAPTER 4 TEMPERATURE CONTROL [Go to Page]
4.1 AUTOMATIC TEMPERATURE CONTROL SYSTEMS
4.2 CONTROL LOOPS
FIGURE 4-1 VALVE THROTTLING CHARACTERISTIC COMPARISON
FIGURE 4-2 ATC VALVE ARRANGEMENTS
FIGURE 4-3 TYPICAL MULTIBLADE DAMPERS
4.3 CONTROL DIAGRAMS
4.4 CONTROL RELATIONSHIPS
4.5 ATC SYSTEM ADJUSTMENT
4.6 TAB/ATC RELATIONSHIP
4.7 CENTRALIZED CONTROL SYSTEMS
FIGURE 4-4 DESKTOP COMPUTER DISPLAYING STATUS OF BUILDING HVAC SYSTEMS
FIGURE 4-5 FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM A CENTRALIZED COMPUTER CONTROL SYSTEM
FIGURE 4-6 HVAC CONTROLS PANEL WITH ORIGINAL PNEUMATIC CONTROLS
FIGURE 4-7 THE SAME HVAC CONTROL PANEL AFTER UPGRADING TO DIRECT DIGITAL CONTROL (DDC).
FIGURE 4-8 PORTABLE COMPUTER PLUGGED INTO ELECTRONIC WALL THERMOSTAT
CHAPTER 5 FANS [Go to Page]
5.1 FAN CHARACTERISTICS
FIGURE 5-1 CENTRIFUGAL FAN COMPONENTS
FIGURE 5-2 CHARACTERISTIC CURVES FOR FC FANS
FIGURE 5-3 CHARACTERISTIC CURVES FOR BI FANS
FIGURE 5-4 CHARACTERISTIC CURVES FOR AIR FOIL
FIGURE 5-5 AXIAL FAN COMPONENTS
FIGURE 5-6 CHARACTERISTIC CURVES FOR PROPELLER FANS
FIGURE 5-7 CHARACTERISTIC CURVES FOR VANEAXIAL FANS (HIGH PERFORMANCE)
FIGURE 5-8 TUBULAR CENTRIFUGAL FAN
FIGURE 5-9 CHARACTERISTIC CURVES FOR TUBULAR CENTRIFUGAL FANS
5.2 FAN CONSTRUCTION
FIGURE 5-10 FAN CLASS STAN-DARDS (I-P) (SW BI FANS)
FIGURE 5-11 FAN CLASS STAN- DARDS (SI) (SW BI FANS)
FIGURE 5-12 DRIVE ARRANGEMENTS FOR CENTRIFUGAL FANS
Table 5-1 Typical Fan Rating Table
FIGURE 5-13 ARRANGEMENT 1 IN-LINE FANS
FIGURE 5-14 ARRANGEMENT 4 IN-LINE FANS
FIGURE 5-15 ARRANGEMENT 9 IN-LINE FANS
FIGURE 5-16 CENTRIFUGAL FAN MOTOR LOCATIONS
5.3 FAN AIRFLOW AND PRESSURES
FIGURE 5-17 DIRECTION OF ROTATION AND DISCHARGE
FIGURE 5-18 FAN TOTAL PRESSURE (TP)
FIGURE 5-19 FAN STATIC PRES-SURE (SP)
FIGURE 5-20 FAN VELOCITY PRESSURE (V P )
FIGURE 5-21 TIP SPEED
5.4 FAN/SYSTEM CURVE RELATIONSHIP
FIGURE 5-22 SYSTEM RESISTANCE CURVE
FIGURE 5-23 OPERATING POINT
FIGURE 5-24 VARIATIONS FROM DESIGN AIR SHORTAGE
FIGURE 5-25 FAN LAW - RPM CHANGE
FIGURE 5-26 EFFECT OF DENSITY CHANGE (CONSTANT VOLUME)
FIGURE 5-27 EFFECT OF DENSITY CHANGE (CONSTANT STATIC PRESSURE)
5.5 FAN CAPACITY RATINGS
FIGURE 5-28 AMCA FAN TEST - PITOT TUBE
FIGURE 5-29 EFFECT OF DENSITY CHANGE (CONSTANT MASS FLOW)
FIGURE 5-30 EFFECTS OF SYSTEM EFFECT
FIGURE 5-31 FAN OUTLET EFFECTIVE DUCT LENGTH
FIGURE 5-32 NON-UNIFORM FLOW CONDITIONS INTO FAN INLET
CHPATER 6 AIR DISTRIBUTION AND DEVICES [Go to Page]
6.1 AIR TERMINAL BOXES
FIGURE 6-1 CONSTANT VOLUME FAN-POWERED BOX
6.2 VARIABLE AIR VOLUME (VAV) TERMINAL BOXES
FIGURE 6-2 BYPASS-TYPE FAN-POWERED BOX
6.3 OTHER AIRFLOW DEVICES
FIGURE 6-3 MULTIBLADE VOLUME DAMPERS
FIGURE 6-4 FLOW CHARACTERISTICS FOR A PARALLEL OPERATING DAMPER
FIGURE 6-5 FLOW CHARACTERISTICS FOR AN OPPOSED OPERATING DAMPER
6.4 AIR DISTRIBUTION BASICS
Table 6-1 Typical Ratios of Damper to System Resistance for Flow Characteristic Curve
FIGURE 6-6 VOLUME DAMPERS
FIGURE 6-7 SURFACE (COANDA) EFFECT
6.5 ROOM AIR DISTRIBUTION
FIGURE 6-8 SOME ELEMENTS AFFECTING BODY HEAT LOSS
FIGURE 6-9 FOUR ZONES IN JET EXPANSION
FIGURE 6-10 TYPICAL SUPPLY OUTLETS
Table 6-2 Guide to Use of Various Outlets
Table 6-3 Recommended Return Air Inlet Face Velocities
Table 6-4 Air Outlets and Diffusers Total Pressure Loss Average—in. wg (Pa)
Table 6-5 Supply Registers Total Pressure Loss Average—in. wg (Pa)
Table 6-6 Return Registers Total Pressure Loss Average—in. wg (Pa)
CHAPTER 7 AIR SYSTEMS [Go to Page]
7.1 INTRODUCTION
7.2 TYPES OF AIR SYSTEMS
FIGURE 7-1 SINGLE DUCT SYSTEM
FIGURE 7-2 TYPICAL EQUIPMENT FOR SINGLE ZONE DUCT SYSTEM
FIGURE 7-3 VARIABLE AIR VOLUME (VAV) SYSTEM
FIGURE 7-4 TERMINAL REHEAT SYSTEM
FIGURE 7-5 INDUCTION REHEAT SYSTEM
FIGURE 7-6 DUAL DUCT HIGH VELOCITY SYSTEM
FIGURE 7-7 MULTI-ZONE SYSTEM
7.3 AIR SYSTEM DESIGN
7.4 DUCT SIZING EXAMPLES
FIGURE 7-8 SYSTEM LAYOUT (I-P UNITS)
FIGURE 7-9 SYSTEM LAYOUT (SI)
7.5 SUMMARY
FIGURE 7-10 FAN DUCT CONNECTIONS
CHPATER 8 HYDRONIC EQUIPMENT [Go to Page]
8.1 PUMPS
FIGURE 8-1 TYPICAL CENTRIFUGAL PUMP CROSS SECTION
FIGURE 8-2 DESCRIPTIONS OF CNTRIFUGAL PUMPS USED IN HYDRONIC SYSTEMS
Table 8-1 Characteristics of Centrifugal Pumps
Table 8-2 Characteristics of Common Types of Pumps
FIGURE 8-3 COUPLING ALIGNMENT WITH STRAIGHT EDGE
FIGURE 8-4 TYPICAL REQUIRED NPSH CURVE
8.2 PUMP / SYSTEM CURVE RELATIONSHIP
FIGURE 8-5 PUMP CURVE FOR 1750 RPM OPERATION
FIGURE 8-6 TYPICAL DESIGN PUMP SELECTION POINT (FROM ABBREVIATED CURVE)
FIGURE 8-7 SYSTEM CURVE PLOTTED ON PUMP CURVE
FIGURE 8-8 TYPICAL OPEN SYSTEMS
FIGURE 8-9 TYPICAL COOLING TOWER APPLICATION POINT
FIGURE 8-10 SYSTEM CURVE FOR OPEN CIRCUIT FALSE OPERATING POINT
FIGURE 8-11 SYSTEM CURVE FOR OPEN CIRCUIT TRUE OPERATING POINT
FIGURE 8-12 PUMP OPERATING POINTS
Table 8-3 Flow vs Total Head (Cooling Tower Application)
FIGURE 8-13 MULTIPLE PUMPS
FIGURE 8-14 PUMP AND SYSTEM CURVES FOR PARALLEL PUMPING
8.3 PUMP INSTALLATION CRITERIA
FIGURE 8-16 GAGE LOCATION
FIGURE 8-15 PUMP AND SYSTEM CURVES FOR SERIES PUMPING
FIGURE 8-17 RELATIVE GAGE ELEVATIONS
FIGURE 8-18 EFFECT OF VISCOSITY
8.4 HYDRONIC HEATING AND COOLING SOURCES
8.5 TERMINAL HEATING AND COOLING UNTS
CHPATER 9 HYDRONIC SYSTEMS [Go to Page]
9.1 HYDRONIC SYSTEMS
FIGURE 9-1 A SERIES LOOP SYSTEM
FIGURE 9-2 A ONE-PIPE SYSTEM
FIGURE 9-3 DIRECT RETURN TWO-PIPE SYSTEM
FIGURE 9-4 REVERSE RETURN TWO-PIPE SYSTEM
FIGURE 9-5 EXAMPLE OF PRIMARY AND SECONDARY PUMPING CIRCUITS
FIGURE 9-6 RETURN MIX SYSTEM ROOM UNIT CONTROLS
FIGURE 9-7 FOUR PIPE SYSTEM ROOM UNIT
FIGURE 9-8 BOILER PIPING FOR A MULTIPLE-ZONE, MULTIPLE-PURPOSE HEATING SYSTEM
Table 9-1 Hydronic Trouble Analysis Guide
9.2 HYDRONIC SYSTEM DESIGN
FIGURE 9- 9 WATER COOLED CONDENSER CONNECTIONS FOR CITY WATER
9.3 HYDRONIC DESIGN PROCEDURES
FIGURE 9-10 COOLING TOWER PIPING SYSTEM
9.4 STEAM SYSTEMS
FIGURE 9-11 BASIC PIPING CIRCUITS FOR GRAVITY FLOW OF CONDENSATE
FIGURE 9-12 BASIC PIPING CIRCUITS FOR MECHANICAL RETURN SYSTEMS
FIGURE 9-13 TYPICAL TWO-PIPE VACUUM STEAM SYSTEM
FIGURE 9-14 THERMOSTATIC TRAP
FIGURE 9-15 INVERTER BUCKET TRAP
FIGURE 9-16 FLOAT AND THERMOSTATIC TRAP
FIGURE 9-17 TYPICAL CONNECTIONS TO FINNED TUBE HEATING COLIS
CHPATER 10 REFERIGERATION SYSTEMS [Go to Page]
10.1 REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS
FIGURE 10-1 REFRIGERANT CYCLE
10.2 REFRIGERATION TERMS AND COMPONENTS
10.3 SAFETY CONTROLS
10.4 OPERATING CONTROLS
10.5 REFRIGERANTS
10.6 THERMAL BULBS AND SUPERHEAT
FIGURE 10-2 LOCATIONS OF THERMAL BULBS
10.7 COMPRESSOR SHORT CYCLING
CHAPTER 11 TAB INSTRUMENTS [Go to Page]
11.1 INTRODUCTION
11.2 AIRFLOW MEASURING INSTRUMENTS
FIGURE 11-1 U-TUBE MANOMETER EQUIPPED WITH OVER-PRESSURE TRAPS
FIGURE 11-2 INCLINED-VERTICAL MANOMETER
FIGURE 11-3 ELECTRONIC/ MULTI-METER
FIGURE 11-4 PITOT TUBE CONNECTIONS
FIGURE 11-5 PITOT TUBE
FIGURE 11-6 MAGNEHELIC GAGE
FIGURE 11-7 ROTATING VANE ANEMOMETER
FIGURE 11-8 ELECTRONIC ANALOG ROTATING VANE ANEMOMETER
FIGURE 11-9 DEFLECTING VANE ANEMOMETER SET
FIGURE 11-10 THERMAL ANEMOMETER
FIGURE 11-1 1 FLOW MEASURING HOOD
Table 11-1 Airflow Measuring Instruments
11.3 PRESSURE GAGE, CALIBRATED
FIGURE 11-12 CALIBRATED PRESSURE GAGES
Table 11-2 Instruments for Hydronic Balancing
Table 11-3 Hydronic Measuring Instruments
FIGURE 11-13 SINGLE GAGE BEING USED TO MEASURE A DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE
11.4 ROTATION MEASURING INSTRUMENTS
FIGURE 11-14 SINGLE GAGE BEING USED TO MEASURE A DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE
FIGURE 11-15 DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE GAGE
Table 11-4 Rotation Measuring Instruments
FIGURE 11-16 CHRONOMETRIC TACHOMETER
FIGURE 11-17 DIGITAL CONTACT TACHOMETER
FIGURE 11-18 DIGITAL OPTICAL TACHOMETER
FIGURE 11-19 STROBOSCOPE
FIGURE 11-20 MULTI-RANGE, DUAL FUNCTION (OPTICAL/CONTACT TACHOMETER)
11.5 TEMPERATURE FUNCTION TACHOMETER MEASURNG INSTRUMENTS
Table 11-5 Instrumentation for Air & Hydronic Balancing
Table 11-6 Instruments for Air Balancing
FIGURE 11-21 GLASS TUBE THERMOMETERS
FIGURE 11-22 DIAL THERMOMETER
FIGURE 11-23 THERMOCOUPLE
FIGURE 11-24 THERMISTOR THERMOMETER
FIGURE 11-25 INFRARED DIGITAL THERMOMETER
FIGURE 11-26 RESISTANCE TEMPERATURE DETECTOR
FIGURE 11-27 ELECTRONIC THERMOMETER
Table 11-7 Temperature Measuring Instruments
FIGURE 11-28 SLING PSYCHROMETER
FIGURE 11-29 DIGITAL PSYCHROMETER
11.6 ELECTRICAL MEASURING INSTRUMENTS
11.7 COMMUNICATION DEVICES
FIGURE 11-30 THERMOHYGROMETER
FIGURE 11-31 CLAMP-ON VOLT AMMETER
FIGURE 11-32 ACCESSING AUTOMATION SYSTEM WITH LAPTOP COMPUTER
11.8 HYDRONIC FLOW MEASURING DEVICES
FIGURE 11-33 ORIFICE AS A MEASURING DEVICE
FIGURE 11-34 FLOW METER TYPES
FIGURE 11-35 ANNULAR FLOW INDICATOR
FIGURE 11-36 CALIBRATED BALANCING VALVE
CHAPTER 12 PRELIMINARY TAB PROCEDURES [Go to Page]
12.1 INITIAL PLANNING
12.2 CONTRACT DOCUMENTS
12.3 SYSTEM REVIEW AND ANALYSIS
FIGURE 12-1 SCHEMATIC DUCT SYSTEM LAYOUT
12.4 THE AGENDA
FIGURE 12-2 INSTRUMENTS SELECTED FOR A SPECIFIC JOB
12.5 PLANNING FIELD TAB PROCEDURES
12.6 PRELIMINARY FIELD PROCEDURES
CHAPTER 13 GENERAL AIR SYSTEM TAB PROCEDURES [Go to Page]
13.1 BASIC FAN TESTING PROCEDURES
13.2 SYSTEM STARTUP
13.3 FAN TESTING
13.4 DEFICIENCY REVIEW
13.5 RETURN AND OUTSIDE AIR SETTINGS
13.6 ANALYSIS OF MEASUREMENTS
13.7 RECORDING DATA
13.8 PROPORTIONAL BALANCING (RATIO) METHOD
13.9 PERCENTAGE OF DESIGN AIRFLOW
FIGURE 13-1 SAMPLE SUPPLY AIR DUCT (PART)
13.10 SYSTEM AIRFLOW
13.11 BASIC OUTLET BALANCING PROCEDURES
13.12 STEPWISE METHOD
FIGURE 13-2 TYPICAL AIR DIFFUSER CFM MEASUREMENT
13.13 FAN ADJUSTMENT
13.14 WET COIL CONDITIONS
13.15 AIRFLOW TOTALS
13.16 EXHAUST FANS
13.17 FAN DRIVE ADJUSTMENT
13.18 DAMPER ADJUSTMENTS
13.19 DUCT TRAVERSES
FIGURE 13-3 MEASURING EXHAUST AIR VELOCITY ON LAB EXHAUST HOOD WITH SASH HEIGHT
13.20 SYSTEM DEFICIENCIES
13.21 FUME HOOD EXHAUST BALANCING PROCEDURES
FIGURE 13-4 EXAMPLE OF EXHAUST HOOD AIR BALANCE LABEL
13.22 DUST COLLECTION AND EXHAUST BALANCING PROCEDURES
FIGURE 13-5 SAMPLE DUST COLLECTION EXHAUST SYSTEM
13.23 AIR FLOW MEASUREMENTS ON DISCHARGE STACKS
13.24 INDUSTRIAL VENTILATION
13.25 SELECTION OF INSTRUMENTS
CHPATER 14 TAB PROCEDURES FOR SPECIFIC AIR SYSTEMS [Go to Page]
14.1 INTRODUCTION
14.2 VARIABLE AIR VOLUME (VAV) SYSTEMS
FIGURE 14-1 TYPICAL VARIABLE AIR VOLUME (VAV) SYSTEM
FIGURE 14-2 OPEN LOOP FAN VOLUME CONTROL
FIGURE 14-3 CLOSED LOOP FAN VOLUME CONTROL
FIGURE 14-4 FAN AND SYSTEM CURVES, CONSTANT SPEED FAN
FIGURE 14-5 FAN AND SYSTEM CURVES, VARIABLE SPEED FAN
FIGURE 14-6 SERIES FAN POWERED
FIGURE 14-7 PARALLEL FAN POWERED VAV UNIT
FIGURE 14-8 PAPER STRIP AT VAV BOX RETURN BEFORE BALANCING
FIGURE 14-9 PAPER STRIP AT VAV BOX AFTER BALANCING
FIGURE 14-10 CONSTANT FAN VAV BOX
FIGURE 14-11 INTERMITTENT FAN VAV BOX (PARALLEL) CYCLE
14.3 MULTI-ZONE SYSTEMS
14.4 INDUCTION UNIT SYSTEMS
14.5 DUAL DUCT SYSTEMS
FIGURE 14-12 MULTI-ZONE SYSTEM
FIGURE 14-13 DUAL DUCT SYSTEM
14.6 SPECIAL EXHAUST AIR SYSTEMS
FIGURE 14-14 INDUCTION UNIT SYSTEM
14.7 PROCESS EXHAUST AIR SYSTEMS
CHAPTER 15 HYDRONIC SYSTEM TAB PROCEDURES [Go to Page]
15.1 HYDRONIC SYSTEM MEASUREMENT METHODS
FIGURE 15-1 HYDRONIC FLOW MEASUREMENT
FIGURE 15-2 EXTERNAL ULTRASONIC FLOW SENSOR ON PIPE WITH INSULATION REMOVED
FIGURE 15-3 ULTRASONIC FLOW METER
15.2 BASIC HYDRONIC SYSTEM PROCEDURES
15.3 PIPING SYSTEM BALANCING
15.4 BALANCING SPECIFIC SYSTEMS
15.5 VARIABLE VOLUME FLOW
FIGURE 15-4 EFFECTS OF VARIATION ON HEAT TRANSFER 20 FLOW F (11 C) .t AT 200 F (93 C)
FIGURE 15-5 PERCENT VARIATION TO MAINTAIN 90% TERMINAL HEAT TRANSFER
Table 15-1 Load-Flow Variations
FIGURE 15-6 CHILLED WATER TERMI-NAL FLOW VERSUS HEAT TRANSFER
FIGURE 15-7 PUMP WITH VARIABLE SPEED DRIVE
15.6 PRIMARY-SECONDAR Y SYSTEMS
15.7 SUMMER-WINTER SYSTEMS
FIGURE 15-8 EXAMPLE OF PRIMARY AND SECONDARY PUMPING CIRCUITS
FIGURE 15-9 SUMMER-WINTER SYSTEMS
CHAPTER 16 TAB REPORT FORMS [Go to Page]
16.1 PREPARING TAB REPORT FORMS
16.2 DESCRIPTION OF USE
System Diagram—TAB 1-02
Air Apparatus Test Report TAB 2-02
Apparatus Coil Test Report TAB 3-02
Gas/Oil Fired Heat Apparatus Test Report—TAB 4-02
Electronic Coil/Duct Heater Test Report—TAB 5-02
Fan Test Report—TAB 6-02
Rectangular Duct Traverse Report— TAB 7-02
Round Duct Traverse Report— TAB 8-02
Air Outlet Test Report (Includes TAB 9A-02, TAB 9B-02 AND TAB 9C-02)
Terminal Unit Coil Check Report— TAB 11-02
Packaged Chiller Test Report— TAB 12-02
Package Rooftop/Heat Pump/Air Conditioning Unit Test Report— TAB 13-02
Compressor and/or Condenser Test Report—TAB 14-02
Cooling Tower or Evaporative Condenser Test Report—TAB 15-02
Heat Exchanger/Converter Test Report—TAB 16-02
Pump Test Report—TAB 17-02
Balance Valve/Flow Meter Test Report—TAB 18-02
Boiler Test Report—TAB 19-02
Instrument Calibration Report— TAB 20-02
TAB REPORT FORMS [Go to Page]
TAB 1-02
TAB 2-02
TAB 3-02
TAB 4-02
TAB 5-02
TAB 6-02
TAB 7-02
TAB 7-02 (Cont.)
TAB 8-02
TAB 8-02 (Cont.)
TAB 9A-02
TAB 9B-02
TAB 9C-02
TAB 10-02
TAB 11-02
TAB 12-02
TAB 13-02
TAB 14-02
TAB 15-02
TAB 16-02
TAB 17-02
TAB 18-02
TAB 19-02
TAB 20-02
APPENDIX A DUCT DESIGN TABLES & CHARTS [Go to Page]
FIGURE A-1 DUCT FRICTION LOSS CHART (I-P)
FIGURE A-2 DUCT FRICTION LOSS CHART (SI)
Table A-1 Duct Material Roughness Factors
FIGURE A-3 DUCT FRICTION LOSS CORRECTION FACTORS
Table A-2 Circulation Equivalents of Rectangular Ducts for Equal Friction and Capacity (I-P) (2) Dimensions in Inches
Table A-2 Circulation Equivalents of Rectangular Ducts (continued)
Table A-3 Circular Equivalents of Rectangular Ducts for Equal Friction and Capacity (SI) (2) Dimensions in mm
Table A-3 Circular Equivalents of Rectangular Ducts for Equal Friction and Capacity (SI) (2) Dimensions in mm (continued)
Table A-4 Velocities/Velocity Pressures (I-P)
FIGURE A-4 VELOCITIES/VELOCITY PRESSURES (I-P)
Table A-5 Velocities/Velocity Pressures (SI)
Table A-6 Angular Conversion
Table A-7 Loss Coefficients for Straight-Through Flow
FIGURE A-5 AIR DENSITY FRICTION CHART CORRECTION FACTORS
FIGURE A-6 LOUVER VELOCITY
Table A-8 Recommended Criteria for Louver Sizing
Table A-9 Typical Design Velocities for Duct Components
FITTING LOSS COEFFICIENT TABLES
Table A-10 Elbow Loss Coefficients
Table A-10 Elbow Loss Coefficients (continued)
Table A-10 Elbow Loss Coefficients (continued)
Table A-11 Transition Loss Coefficients
Table A-11 Transition Loss Coefficients (continued)
Table A-12 Rectangular Branch Connection Loss Coefficients
Table A-12 Rectangular Branch Connection Loss Coefficients (continued)
Table A-12 Rectangular Branch Connection Loss Coefficients (continued)
Table A-12 Rectangular Branch Connection Loss Coefficients (continued)
Table A-13 Round Branch Connection Loss Coefficients
Table A-13 Round Branch Connection Loss Coefficients (continued)
Table A-13 Round Branch Connection Loss Coefficients (continued)
Table A-13 Round Branch Connection Loss Coefficients (continued)
Table A-14 Miscellaneous Fitting Coefficients
Table A-14 Miscellaneous Fitting Coefficients (continued)
Table A-14 Miscellaneous Fitting Coefficients (continued)
Table A-14 Miscellaneous Fitting Coefficients (continued)
HVAC EQUATIONS (I-P)
Air Equations (I-P)
Fan Equations (I-P)
Pump Equations (I-P)
Hydronic Equivalents (I-P)
Hydronic Equations (I-P)
Electric Equations (I-P)
Table A-15 Converting Pressure In Inches of Mercury to Feet of Water at Various Water Temperatures
Table A-16 Air Density Correction Factors (I-P)
HVAC EQUATIONS (SI)
Air Equations (SI)
Fan Equations (SI)
Pump Equations (SI)
Hydronic Equations (SI)
Table A-17 Air Density Correction Factors (SI)
SI UNITS AND EQUIVALENTS
Table A-18 SI Units (Basic and Derived)
Table A-19 SI Equivalents
Table A-20 Sound Design Equations
Table A-20 Sound Design Equations (continued)
FITTING EQUIVALENTS (WATER)
Table A-21 Equivalent Length in Feet of Pipe for 90 Elbows
Table A-22 Equivalent Length in Meters of Pipe for 90 Elbows
Table A-23 Iron and Copper Elbow Equivalents
FIGURE A-7 ELBOW EQUIVALENTS OF TEES AT VARIOUS FLOW CONDITIONS
Table A-24 Properties of Saturated Steam (I-P)
Table A-25 Properties of Saturated Steam (SI)
STEAM PIPING (I-P)
Table A-26 Steam Piping (I-P) Flow Rate of Steam in Schedule 40 Pipe at Initial Saturation Pressure of 3.5 and 12 psig
Table A-27 Comparative Capacity of Steam Lines at Various Pitches for Steam and Condensate Flowing in Opposite Directions
Table A-28 Pressure Drops In Common Use for Sizing Steam Pipe (For Corresponding Initial Steam Pressure)
Table A-29 Length in Feet of Pipe to be Added to Actual Length of Run — Owing to Fittings — to Obtain Equivalent Length
Table A-30 Steam Pipe Capacities for Low Pressure Systems (For Use on One-Pipe Systems or Two-Pipe Systems in which Condensate Flows Against the Steam Flow)
Table A-31 Return Main and Riser Capacities for Low-Pressure Systems—Pounds per Hour
STEAM PIPING (SI)
Table A-32 Flow Rate in kg/h of Steam in Schedule 40 Pipe at Initial Saturation Pressure of 15 and 85 kPa Above Atmospheric
Table A-33 Comparative Capacity of Steam Lines at Various Pitches for Steam and Condensate Flowing in Opposite Directions
Table A-34 Equivalent Length of Fittings to be Added to Pipe Run
Table A-35 Steam Pipe Capacities for Low-Pressure Systems
Table A-36 Return Main and Riser Capacities for Low-Pressure Systems — kg/h
Sample Specification for Testing, Adjusting and Balancing
REFERENCES
GLOSSARY [Go to Page]
-A -
-B -
-C -
-D -
-E -
-F -
-G
-H -
-I -
-J -
-K -
-L -
-M -
-N -
-O -
-P -
-R -
-S -
-T -
-U -
-V -
-W -
-Z -
INDEX [Go to Page]

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HVAC Systems - Testing, Adjusting and Balancing, 3rd Edition, 2002